My casual research this morning indicates that according to HR 3590 Subtitle F, Part 1, Section 1501 (4)
American citizens who are individuals legally "Residing" out of the US, (which I believe is officially considered living with a visa or permit more than 330 days a year out of the US - but I need a citation for that) are considered to be "covered" in regards to the bill (meaning they are considered to have health insurance), and thus, are not responsible under the individual mandate section of the bill to buy insurance in the USA.
http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h3590/text
********
HR 3590 Subtitle F, Part 1, Section 1501 (4)
(4) INDIVIDUALS RESIDING OUTSIDE UNITED STATES OR RESIDENTS OF TERRITORIES- Any applicable individual shall be treated as having minimum essential coverage for any month--
***************
That being said, I don't know if perma-tourists will be considered "legally residing" out of the USA, and thus, they may be subject to the mandate. I would tend to doubt that perma-tourists who don't have a "legal residency" outside of the US would be considered "residing" outside of the US.
The following questions remain:
1. What will be the cost of buying the basic insurance?
2. What the change in each individual's income taxes will be?
3. Whether it is better for an individual to buy insurance or better to not buy and then just pay the penalty?
Consult with your tax attorney on those!