Jessi!
Your instincts about these businesses are right on. Last year, I enrolled to study abroad at UBA and surprisingly paid nothing in tuition and less than I would have paid for my own apartment in my hometown to live (it's different in every facultad, as they each have their own governance) as opposed to the $12,000 semester study abroad programs. Another friend I met while taking a Spanish class paid/wasted over $2000 USD to be set up in some kind of "ïnternship," teaching English there, only to find out they were actually looking to hire someone. These programs do provide a service, particularly for people who are just learning the language, but if you can get around it, you are doing the smart thing!
I recommend if you have no place to live looking at craig´s list. I know it sounds crazy, but in the roommate´s section, I found a great place in Amalgro last year. I paid about the same as I would where I´m from, a little over 300 dollars a month, but it was furnished and came with wi-fi and all utilities paid. You cannot "rent" a regular apartment in the way we understand it in the States, unless you have a garante, or a person willing to cosign the contract with you, usually for two years, that must OWN property themselves here. When I first landed, I just stayed in a common room in a SMALL hostel for a couple weeks until I found a place to live. While not ideal, the 12 person sleeping room with the kitchen at least allowed me to spend only about 12 bucks a night plus groceries till I got settled.
Being fluent in Spanish will be a big help, but be warned: prices for expats are three to four or more times more than for locals. Case in point, a friend from France who is fluent in Spanish set up an appointment to see a room THROUGH her Argentine friend who confirmed the price in advance as 600 pesos (having experiences with these price switcharoos) and when the landlord found out she was from France assumed she had euros (she actually works at a low-ish Argentine salary of 1300 pesos a month) and said that he actually meant 600 dollars. I have heard many stories like this, and while it could be argued some kind of price differential is fair, just shop around and make sure to ask questions, particularly about the hours folks keep if you are not a night owl. On the plus, there are no leases, so you can always get out if you have to!
best! emily