I think it's very likely that the reason facts seem to be changing from the real estate agent is that he or she is probably getting at the actual truth slowly, because often that's the way things can happen here.
The fact that the tenant is refusing to move is the exact reason that 2-year contracts here almost all require a property guarantee to back up the rental agreement, because it's not easy to get someone out of an apartment to begin with, and if you have some health reasons (or others), it's almost impossible.
It's easier to do so with a temporary apartment, at least with a foreigner, but I don't know enough about the law here on temporary apartments to know that if an Argentine inhabits a temporary apartment whether or not the same deal with long term leases apply.
However, the owner is faced with a situation to either allow someone who is still paying the rent to continue to occupy the apartment even if the contract is passed, or fight a civil action to get the person thrown out so he can bring someone else in. I can understand why he would choose the former.
I know 4 different people who manage temporary rental apartments, three of them ex-pats. Two of them have their own policies that they will not rent temporary apartments to Argentines. The other two leave it up to the owner of the apartments, and most of them do not allow the apartments to be rented to Argentines.
I sympathize with you on this - it must be a really crappy thing to be going through. I hope you guys can work something out with another apartment, or find something that you yourself can move into.