There's more to this story, as naturalized citizens must swear an oath in person at the court. Once you have the citizenship certificate, it is indeed possible to apply for a DNI and passport at the embassy. Though it will take much longer to get the documents compared to doing it at Renaper.
Lots of incorrect and misleading info in this thread overall. The long and short of it is, it must be unquestionable that Argentina is your true home. There is no strict number of days that are a breakpoint between where they decide if you qualify or not, but the longer you're outside the higher your chances of getting a denial.
The days of remote applications are totally over, you must continue living in the country after you've applied. They are now going through your presence in the country with a fine toothed comb, and if it's not to their satisfaction you will be denied citizenship. Example of someone below rejected for insufficient presence.
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