Also, just another note and an important thing that should form part of citizenship and financial planning, is that there could be a good reason why some people would want to get permanent residency but not citizenship.
Citizenship, it appears,
can't be renounced (or at least, seems a strange edge-case and difficult).
Say, in a (fictional) scenario like this: the law changes from a territorial / domicile-based taxation to citizenship-based taxation (like the US). Something like "an annual wealth tax levied on all assets,
regardless of the domicile of the asset or the Argentine citizen and an income tax levied on all income, regardless of where it was earned" (again, like US citizens can't escape their tax liabilities to the US IRS on global income, after exclusions, regardless of where they earned it or where they are domiciled, even if they haven't been in the US in years).
Everyone has a tipping point and many super-wealthy Americans living abroad (with their entire lives established in places elsewhere like China or Europe) decide to renounce their US citizenship due to the large financial burden. It simply isn't worth it anymore, and that is the only way to legally avoid their US tax obligations. Since you can't renounce Argentine citizenship, you could just leave and stop paying these taxes and leave, but I'm sure that could complicate matters if you ever tried to return to Argentina.
(Also, some might have to renounce their first citizenship when assuming a second one)
So then, my summary is that there are some existing
benefits to getting Argentine citizenship (benefits that will differ, person-to-person), there are clear calculable
costs of being a tax resident (costs that will also differ based on your situation) and then an amount of
risk what changes there might be in future (and permanent residency could be one way to mitigate against some risks).
What a mouthful.
