I don't know the specific fine, but others here will. There is plenty of information about this issue on other threads. I think the bottom line is the the fine is quite low per day, but starts to add up, the longer your overstay is. There is also plenty of information on other threads about how wise or not it is to overstay, and how you would need to behave (i.e., keep a low profile and don't go in person to Migraciones), if you found yourself past your date.
I think the evidence from the past has been that overstaying twice has not precluded anyone from gaining entry a third time. But let's also remember that there is no guarantee, anywhere in the world, that countries will be opening up their borders any time soon, that commercial aircraft will be flying between countries any time soon, and that private passenger airlines will even continue exist. Travel, as we have known it up until now, is one of the assumptions in life that we may need to start questioning, at least for the next year or two. Whether or not we have a record of visa infringements in the past is probably not the main issue now to be worrying about in terms of a hypothetical future return to Argentina.