"Ya fue!"
You signed the contract (sub-section "quinta") where it's written everything is in perfect condition.
Your emails are not worth much.
You already left the apartment, not much you can do except calling & calling again the landlord in the hope of getting a part of your money back.
Checking the apartment should have been done with your presence, but after all, you left the landlord deciding by herself what was in good condition or not.
Of course, we don't know everything about the situation. You recognize you're responsible for a scratch on the countertop + a bit of cleaning was needed (450 pesos as per the contract), so let's assume that's only what you should pay for.
In your situation, I'd write something to the landlord like:
-Look, it's a very common situation: you make me sign a contract stating everything is in perfect condition but this, this & this were not working/were broken. I won't spend hours argueing with you over the telephone, etc. I'll spend much less time and will do things that will really annoy you if you don't pay me back:
.. There's a new law (monthly reporting to AFIP of temporary rentals. Don't know if in effect yet though but will be anyway soon) --> I'll call/ring the bell of the apartment every month to talk to the new occupant to warn him/her, etc. Will contact the AFIP on a regular basis to check if you conform to your reporting obligations.
.. If the public service bills still benefit from "subsidios", I'll tell the new occupant to contact Edenor/Gas Natural to ask for those "subsidios" to be removed if he/she's having problems with you
.. I'm not leaving Argentina any time soon so I'll have plenty of time to deal with that (even if untrue)
.. etc.
In short, think of the weaknesses of the landlord, what would really annoy her and act upon that while spending as little time as possible. But first, warn her about everything before... She'll then be faced to a dilemma = giving you back 2.500/3.000 of the 4.500 pesos deposit (because some negotiating will take place at best) or be worried for the 12/24 months to come.
Never pleasant to get screwed... But it happened to all of us