She will not be able to sue for alimony in California, as you're not domiciled there and weren't when you divorced. She's gravely mistaken about the law on that.
However, it's possible that she could have a claim to half the income you made while you were married and domiciled in California. With the necessary work to get at your records for that, and the divorce already having taken place in Argentina, there's no chance of a contingency attorney, or that she'd never be able to afford to hire an attorney here to do that work. Assuming a final divorce settlement hasn't been signed, however, there's a decent chance that she doesn't even need to file that lawsuit here, she could do it in Argentina, and the Argentine judge would simply apply California law.