Currently, almost any restaurant and upscale café in Italy has the "coperto", which is around €1.50 to €3 per person. In some restaurant, they charge a higher
coperto on Friday and Saturday nights, which are busier. I don't like this practice and in Italy we always complain about it at the table (but not with the waiter or the management, because it is their establishment and their rules) but we tend to and order accordingly. I.e. if we go to a pizzeria and there is a €3 coperto, we don't order a €10 pizza but a cheaper one, also because the coperto is a fixed fee regardless of what you order. If you order a pizza, there is no side bread, so what the heck?!
I can see that the restaurant manager wants to make a fixed minimum for each person seating at the table, but when we are spending a lot, I think the restaurant owner makes enough out of my order! I hate it, because if we spend maybe €40 per person, adding €3 looks like just a scam.
Also, in cafés they usually apply different prices whether you drink your coffee "al banco" (standing) or "servito" (at the table). In cafés the coperto is called "servizio al tavolo" (table service) and thus you don't leave a tip unless you are at a very posh place and want to play "il signore". There is actually also the possibility that you go to a café, sit down at a table and order just a coffee or a juice, and they apply the higher price plus the "servizio al tavolo". Bummers!
On another side, tipping is less common in Italy. We tip taxi drivers (usually rounding up the price) and waiters of expensive restaurants (i.e. not in a pizzeria), and bell boys at hotels, but that's it.
When I used to work at a car wash, some customers gave tips, but we had to put tips in a common jar because they tipped the females more than the males, and because the females worked at the end of the service (as polishers/cashiers), so we shared the tips with the other colleagues working in the very first step of the process (vacuuming, washing), even if the customers paid the boss and then walked specifically toward one of us and gave the money to a single person.
AFAIK, in Italy there is no tipping rule as in the US with different percentages according on how you rate the service, or the custom to put two pennies on the table if you are not satisfied at all. Less math!